Enzymatic biosynthesis of these compounds creates a center of asymmetry at carbon-2 of the glycerol backbone, so that different enantiomeric forms may exist. This simple lipid class comprises the bulk of storage fat in mammalian tissues, and is the most abundant one in oils and fats of animal and plant origin. GLs are composed mainly of mono-, di-, and tri-substituted glycerols, the most well-known being the triacylglycerols, FA esters of glycerol, formerly termed as triglycerides (see Fig. ![]() Glyceroglycolipids represent additional subclasses that are characterized by the presence of one or more sugar residues attached to glycerol via a glycosidic linkage. They represent intermediates in the biosynthesis and digestion of triacylglycerols. The same nomenclature system is used for diacylglycerols (diglycerides) and monoacylglycerols (monoglycerides), yielding upon hydrolysis 2 moles and 1 mole of fatty acids per mole of glycerol, respectively. According to the recommended numbering system, the prefix sn is placed before the name of the compound, provided that its stereochemistry is known or that the compound is not racemic. ![]() This simple lipid class constitutes the bulk of storage fat in mammalian tissues and is the most abundant one in oils and fats of animal and plant origin. Glycerolipids (GLs) are composed mainly of mono-, di-, and tri-substituted glycerols, the best known being the triacylglycerols, fatty acid esters of glycerol, formerly termed triglycerides (see Figure 9.2).
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